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Vesta (minor-planet designation: 4 Vesta) is one of the largest objects in the asteroid belt, with a mean diameter of 525 kilometres (326 mi). [10] It was discovered by the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers on 29 March 1807 [ 6 ] and is named after Vesta , the virgin goddess of home and hearth from Roman mythology .
[b] The convention of defining Vesta's prime meridian from Claudia is informally referred to as the Claudia coordinate system. The crater was named after the Roman Vestal Virgin Claudia by the Dawn mission team; the name Claudia was officially approved by the IAU on 30 September 2011. [4] [1]
The Vesta family (adj. Vestian; FIN: 401) is a family of asteroids. The cratering family is located in the inner asteroid belt in the vicinity of its namesake and principal body, 4 Vesta. It is one of the largest asteroid families with more than 15,000 known members and consists of mostly bright V-type asteroids, so-called "vestoids".
4 Vesta: 525.4: March 29, 1807: Dawn: 2011–2012: 210: 0.76: Dawn broke orbit on 5 September 2012 and headed to Ceres, where it arrived in March 2015: First "big four" asteroid visited by a spacecraft, largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft at the time 21 Lutetia: 120×100×80: November 15, 1852: Rosetta: 2010: 3,162: 64.9: Flyby on 10 July 2010
Divalia Fossae / d ɪ ˈ v eɪ l i ə ˈ f ɒ s eɪ / is the large series of parallel equatorial troughs on the giant asteroid 4 Vesta.It is one of the longest chasms in the Solar System, stretching across roughly two-thirds of Vesta's equator.
Veneneia / v ɛ n ɪ ˈ n iː ə / is the second-largest impact crater on asteroid 4 Vesta, at 52°S latitude. 395 kilometres (245 mi) [1] in diameter, it is 70% of the equatorial diameter of the asteroid, and one of the largest craters in the Solar System. It is at least 2 billion years old, and possibly as old as 4.2 billion years. [2]
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Rheasilvia / ˌ r iː ə ˈ s ɪ l v i ə / is the largest impact crater on the asteroid Vesta. It is 505 km (314 mi) in diameter, which is 90% the diameter of Vesta itself, and is 95% the mean diameter of Vesta, 529 km (329 mi). However, the mean is affected by the crater itself.