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Jean-Baptiste Lully [a] (28 or 29 November [O.S. 18 or 19 November] 1632 – 22 March 1687) was a French composer, dancer and instrumentalist of Italian birth, who is considered a master of the French Baroque music style.
Jean-Baptiste Lully is considered the most important composer of music for ballet de cour and instrumental to the development of the form. During his employment by Louis XIV as director of the Académie Royale de Music , he worked with Pierre Beauchamp , Molière , Philippe Quinault and Mademoiselle De Lafontaine to develop ballet as an art ...
In this position Lully, with his librettist Philippe Quinault, created a new genre, the tragédie en musique, each act of which featured a divertissement that was a miniature ballet scene. [27] With almost all his important creations Jean-Baptiste Lully brought together music and drama with Italian and French dance elements.
Perhaps one of the most influential men on ballet during the seventeenth century was Jean Baptiste Lully. Lully was born in Italy, but moved to France where he quickly became a favorite of Louis XIV and performed alongside the king in many ballets until the king's retirement from dance in 1670. [3]
Tragédie en musique (French: [tʁaʒedi ɑ̃ myzik], musical tragedy), also known as tragédie lyrique (French: [tʁaʒedi liʁik], lyric tragedy), is a genre of French opera introduced by Jean-Baptiste Lully and used by his followers until the second half of the eighteenth century.
By the 18th century, ballet had migrated from the French and Italian royal courts to the Paris Opéra under the careful direction of composer/dancer Jean-Baptiste Lully. Lully sought to develop ballet into more serious art. Under his influence, ballet was turned into a recognized art that was performed by professional dancers rather than courtiers.
The first example of the genre is considered to be Les fâcheux, with words by Molière, performed in honour of Louis XIV at Vaux-le-Vicomte, the residence of Nicolas Fouquet, in 1661. The music and choreography were by Pierre Beauchamp , but Jean-Baptiste Lully later contributed a sung courante for Act I, scene 3.
French sources widely attribute to Lully the composition of the British patriotic anthem God Save the King: the sole ultimate source of the attribution is a 19th-century forgery, the Souvenirs of the Marquise de Créquy (q.v.).