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The hornpipe is any of several dance forms and their associated tunes, played and danced in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere from the 16th century until the present day. The earliest references to hornpipes are from England, with Hugh Aston 's Hornepype of 1522 and others referring to Lancashire hornpipes in 1609 and 1613. [ 1 ]
Due to the small space that the dance required, and no need for a partner, the dance was popular on-board ship. [ 5 ] Samuel Pepys referred to the dance in his diary as "The Jig of the Ship" and Captain Cook , who took a piper on at least one voyage, is noted to have ordered his men to dance the hornpipe in order to keep them in good health. [ 5 ]
John Durang (January 6, 1768 – March 31, 1822) was the first native-born American to become known as a dancer. [1]Said to be George Washington's favorite performer, he was famous for dancing the hornpipe, a lively, jiglike solo exhibition so called because it was originally performed to music played on a woodwind instrument known as a hornpipe.
The sailor's hornpipe was adapted from an English dance, and is now performed more frequently in Scotland, while the Irish Jig is a humorous caricature of, and tribute to, Irish step dancing (the dancer, in a red and green costume, is an interpretation of an Irish person, gesturing angrily and frowning).
"Portsmouth" is a traditional English folk dance tune, similar to an Irish or Scottish hornpipe melody. It is sometimes referred to as the "Portsmouth Hornpipe". "Portsmouth" appeared in the 11th edition of John Playford's The Dancing Master in 1701.
Nancy Dawson probably by Samuel De Wilde. Nancy Dawson was the stage name of Ann Newton (c.1728-1767), an English dancer and actress. She rose to fame performing a solo rendition of a hornpipe between acts in The Beggar's Opera at Covent Garden Theatre in London in 1759.
Rawsthorne's compositions and arrangements are found in many contemporary collections of organ music. His Hornpipe Humoresque is an amusing set of variations on the familiar Sailor's Hornpipe, in the styles of Bach (Brandenburg Concerto No. 3, 1st movement), Vivaldi ("Spring," 1st movement, from The Four Seasons), Arne (Rule Britannia) and Widor ("Toccata" from Symphony for Organ No. 5).
The hornpipe is a style of dance music thought to have taken its name from an English reed instrument by at least the 17th century. [10] In the mid-18th century it changed from 3/2 time to 2/2, assuming its modern character, and probably reaching the height of its popularity as it became a staple of theatrical performances. [76]