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The negative-energy particle then crosses the event horizon into the black hole, with the law of conservation of energy requiring that an equal amount of positive energy should escape. In the Penrose process , a body divides in two, with one half gaining negative energy and falling in, while the other half gains an equal amount of positive ...
The negative of binding energy per nucleon for nuclides with atomic mass number 125 plotted as a function of atomic number. The profile of binding energy across the valley of stability is roughly a parabola. Tellurium-125 (52 Te) is stable, while antimony-125 (51 Sb) is unstable to β− decay.
The Dyson series can be alternatively rewritten as a sum over Feynman diagrams, where at each vertex both the energy and momentum are conserved, but where the length of the energy-momentum four-vector is not necessarily equal to the mass, i.e. the intermediate particles are so-called off-shell. The Feynman diagrams are much easier to keep track ...
The lost kinetic energy is deposited into the mercury atom. The atom subsequently emits light, and returns to its original state. Franck and Hertz explained their experiment in terms of elastic and inelastic collisions between the electrons and the mercury atoms. [1] [2] Slowly moving electrons collide elastically with the mercury atoms. This ...
A hot plasma ion 'steals' charge from a cold neutral atom to become an Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) [9]. In a charge-exchange collision between a high energy plasma ion and a cold neutral atom, the ion 'gives' electrons to the neutral atom, producing a cold ion and an energetic neutral atom (ENA).
The Bohr model of the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1), where the negatively charged electron confined to an atomic shell encircles a small, positively charged atomic nucleus and where an electron jumps between orbits, is accompanied by an emitted or absorbed amount of electromagnetic energy (hν). [1]
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When atoms encounter such red-detuned laser light, they experience a "light shift", which creates a spatially dependent potential energy landscape. In the context of optical molasses, the term "molasses" refers to the slowing down of atoms, analogous to how molasses slows down the movement of objects moving through it.