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The space of all natural cubic splines, for instance, is a subspace of the space of all cubic C 2 splines. The literature of splines is replete with names for special types of splines. These names have been associated with: The choices made for representing the spline, for example:
This can only be achieved if polynomials of degree 3 (cubic polynomials) or higher are used. The classical approach is to use polynomials of exactly degree 3 — cubic splines. In addition to the three conditions above, a natural cubic spline has the condition that ″ = ″ =.
Example showing non-monotone cubic interpolation (in red) and monotone cubic interpolation (in blue) of a monotone data set. Monotone interpolation can be accomplished using cubic Hermite spline with the tangents m i {\displaystyle m_{i}} modified to ensure the monotonicity of the resulting Hermite spline.
Bicubic interpolation can be accomplished using either Lagrange polynomials, cubic splines, or cubic convolution algorithm. In image processing, bicubic interpolation is often chosen over bilinear or nearest-neighbor interpolation in image resampling, when speed is not an issue.
Lagrange and other interpolation at equally spaced points, as in the example above, yield a polynomial oscillating above and below the true function. This behaviour tends to grow with the number of points, leading to a divergence known as Runge's phenomenon; the problem may be eliminated by choosing interpolation points at Chebyshev nodes. [5]
Cubic polynomial splines are extensively used in computer graphics and geometric modeling to obtain curves or motion trajectories that pass through specified points of the plane or three-dimensional space. In these applications, each coordinate of the plane or space is separately interpolated by a cubic spline function of a separate parameter t.
Sample Coons patch. In mathematics, a Coons patch, is a type of surface patch or manifold parametrization used in computer graphics to smoothly join other surfaces together, and in computational mechanics applications, particularly in finite element method and boundary element method, to mesh problem domains into elements.
The most familiar example is the cubic smoothing spline, but there are many other possibilities, including for the case where is a vector quantity. Cubic spline definition [ edit ]