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Flexibility is a personality trait that describes the extent to which a person can cope with changes in circumstances and think about problems and tasks in novel, creative ways. [1] This trait comes into play when stressors or unexpected events occur, requiring that a person change their stance, outlook, or commitment.
A flexible work arrangement (FWA) empowers an employee to choose what time they begin to work, where to work, and when they will stop work. [1] The idea is to help manage work-life balance and benefits of FWA can include reduced employee stress and increased overall job satisfaction. [ 1 ]
Flextime, also spelled flex-time or flexitime (), is a flexible hours schedule that allows workers to alter their workday and adjust their start and finish times. [1] In contrast to traditional [2] work arrangements that require employees to work a standard 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. day, Flextime typically involves a "core" period of the day during which employees are required to be at work (e.g ...
The workforce was now divided into a skill-flexible core and a time-flexible periphery. Flexibility and variety in the skills and knowledge of the core workers and the machines used for production allowed for the specialized production of goods. Modern just-in-time manufacturing is one example of a flexible approach to production.
A four-day workweek is an arrangement where a workplace or place of education has its employees or students work or attend school, college or university over the course of four days per week rather than the more customary five-day workweek. [1] This arrangement can be a part of flexible working hours, and is sometimes used to cut costs.
Work stress has been considered as a major factor of many work outcomes, like performance, nonproductive behavior and turnover. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] An employee being able to adapt to change within an organization is more focused, and able to deal with stressful situations. [ 1 ]
External numerical flexibility is the adjustment of the labour intake, or the number of workers from the external market. This can be achieved by employing workers on temporary work or fixed-term contracts or through relaxed hiring and firing regulations or in other words relaxation of employment protection legislation, where employers can hire and fire permanent employees according to the ...
The idea was that by maintaining the current weekly pay while lowering working hours, a fairer rate of pay would result. The slogan, "Whether you work by the piece or work by the day, decreasing the hours increases the pay," seemed to carry the mood of the day. [2] The early twentieth century laid the groundwork for the idea of work–life ...