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In neuroanatomy, the corona radiata is a white matter sheet that continues inferiorly as the internal capsule and superiorly as the centrum semiovale. This sheet of both ascending and descending axons carries most of the neural traffic from and to the cerebral cortex .
Excitatory cell types in the claustrum consist of two main classes which differentially project to cortical and subcortical brain regions. [ citation needed ] Inhibitory neurons represent only 10%-15% of the neurons within the claustrum and consist of three types, expressing parvalbumin , somatostatin or vasoactive intestinal peptide , similar ...
One intensively studied function of the basal ganglia is its role in controlling eye movements. [38] Eye movement is influenced by an extensive network of brain regions that converges on a midbrain area called the superior colliculus (SC). The SC is a layered structure whose layers form two-dimensional retinotopic maps of visual space. A "bump ...
The striatum (pl.: striata) or corpus striatum [5] is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia. [6] The striatum is a critical component of the motor and reward systems; receives glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs from different sources; and serves as the primary input to the rest of the basal ganglia.
The caudate nucleus is one of the structures that make up the corpus striatum, which is part of the basal ganglia in the human brain. [1] Although the caudate nucleus has long been associated with motor processes because of its role in Parkinson's disease, [2] [clarification needed] [3] it also plays important roles in nonmotor functions, such as procedural learning, [4] associative learning ...
The external capsule is a series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain. These fibers run between the most lateral (toward the side of the head) segment of the lentiform nucleus (more specifically the putamen) and the claustrum. The white matter of the external capsule contains fibers known as corticocortical association fibers.
Middle cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is restricted, leading to a reduction of the function of the portions of the brain supplied by that vessel: the lateral aspects of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, the corona radiata, globus pallidus, caudate and putamen.
The importance of non-cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain structures has been shown in working together with the cholinergic neurons in a dynamically modulatory way. This is seen to play a significant role in cognitive functions. [2] Nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep. [5]