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Calcitriol was identified as the active form of vitamin D in 1971 and the drug was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978. [7] It is available as a generic medication . [ 12 ] In 2022, it was the 254th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Calcitriol plays a key role in regulating vitamin D levels through a negative feedback mechanism. [208] It strongly upregulates the expression of the enzyme CYP24A1 , which inactivates vitamin D. This activation happens through binding of the activated vitamin D receptor (VDR) to two vitamin D response elements (VDREs) in the CYP24A1 gene.
The natural, active form of vitamin D is calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). This molecule and other naturally occurring forms of vitamin D, including its precursors and metabolites, have been modified to synthesize pharmaceuticals with potentially greater, or selective, therapeutic actions. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Ergocalciferol is available as a generic medication and over the counter. [6] In 2022, it was the 38th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 15 million prescriptions. [10] [11] Certain foods such as breakfast cereal and margarine have ergocalciferol added to them in some countries.
It is then converted in the liver to calcifediol (25-hydroxycholecalciferol D), which is further converted in the kidney to calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol D). [4] One of calcitriol's most important functions is to promote calcium uptake by the intestines. [5] Cholecalciferol is present in food such as fatty fish, beef liver, eggs ...
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Calcipotriol, also known as calcipotriene, is a synthetic derivative of calcitriol, a form of vitamin D.It is used in the treatment of psoriasis. [1] It is safe for long-term application in psoriatic skin conditions.
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