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  2. Feynman checkerboard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feynman_checkerboard

    The Feynman checkerboard, or relativistic chessboard model, was Richard Feynman's sum-over-paths formulation of the kernel for a free spin-⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ particle moving in one spatial dimension. It provides a representation of solutions of the Dirac equation in (1+1)-dimensional spacetime as discrete sums.

  3. Relativistic particle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_particle

    This condition implies that the speed of the particle is close to the speed of light. According to the Lorentz factor formula, this requires the particle to move at roughly 85% of the speed of light. Such relativistic particles are generated in particle accelerators, [a] as well as naturally occurring in cosmic radiation.

  4. Relativistic quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_quantum_mechanics

    In 1929, the Breit equation was found to describe two or more electromagnetically interacting massive spin ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ fermions to first-order relativistic corrections; one of the first attempts to describe such a relativistic quantum many-particle system. This is, however, still only an approximation, and the Hamiltonian includes numerous ...

  5. Energy–momentum relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy–momentum_relation

    Since m 0 does not change from frame to frame, the energy–momentum relation is used in relativistic mechanics and particle physics calculations, as energy and momentum are given in a particle's rest frame (that is, E ′ and p ′ as an observer moving with the particle would conclude to be) and measured in the lab frame (i.e. E and p as ...

  6. Minimal coupling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_coupling

    In Cartesian coordinates, the Lagrangian of a non-relativistic classical particle in an electromagnetic field is (in SI Units): = ˙ + ˙ where q is the electric charge of the particle, φ is the electric scalar potential, and the A i, i = 1, 2, 3, are the components of the magnetic vector potential that may all explicitly depend on and .

  7. The 10 Best Cheap Board Games You Can Buy For Under $20 - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/10-best-cheap-board-games...

    The 10 Best Cheap Board Games You Can Buy For Under $20. Ryan Woodrow. October 28, 2023 at 4:00 AM. ... Old Navy's Break a Sweat Sale has activewear from $2 — shop our top picks here. AOL.

  8. Relativistic mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_mechanics

    In physics, relativistic mechanics refers to mechanics compatible with special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR). It provides a non- quantum mechanical description of a system of particles, or of a fluid , in cases where the velocities of moving objects are comparable to the speed of light c .

  9. Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_Lagrangian...

    The relativistic Lagrangian can be derived in relativistic mechanics to be of the form: = (˙) (, ˙,). Although, unlike non-relativistic mechanics, the relativistic Lagrangian is not expressed as difference of kinetic energy with potential energy, the relativistic Hamiltonian corresponds to total energy in a similar manner but without including rest energy.