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The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئین پاکستان میں تیرہویں ترمیم) was a short-lived amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan, adopted by the Parliament of Pakistan in 1997 by the civilian government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
Made changes dealing with the office of the President and the reversal of the effects of the Thirteenth Amendment. 2003 Full Text: 18th: Removed the power of President of Pakistan to dissolve the Parliament unilaterally. Gave more authority to the provinces. Province of North-West Frontier Province(NWFP) was renamed as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KPK)
Established in 1952, the Pakistan Army Act regulates the legal code within the military, mainly for prosecuting military personnel and associated civilians. [1] An amendment in 1966, during Ayub Khan's tenure, extended its application to civilians, specifically those charged with inciting mutiny or accused of disseminating classified information and assaulting military infrastructure.
The amendment introduces Article 9A, which declares "[e]very person shall be entitled to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment," as a fundamental right. The package also includes abolishment of riba (usury) "as far as practicable, by the 1st of January, 2028".
In these amendments, the Twenty-Fifth amendment incorporated the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In 2024, the Twenty-Sixth Constitutional Amendment Act was enacted on October 21st, introducing landmark reforms to Pakistan's judicial system, with a focus on the Supreme Court and High Courts.
These powers included the right, expressed in sub-section 2(b) inserted into Article 58, to dissolve the National Assembly (but not the Senate) if, in his or her opinion, "a situation has arisen in which the Government of the Federation cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and an appeal to the electorate is ...
Due to the Thirteenth Amendment removed the effective check and balance of branches of the government, the supreme court marked its reference using the "Necessitas facit licitum quod alias non-est licitum" and asserted on the right of the Superior Courts to review the orders, proceedings, acts, and legislative measures of the Musharraf regime ...
Human Rights Watch (HRW) and Amnesty International have urged Pakistan not to prosecute civilians in military courts. They argue that the trial of civilians in military courts is a violation of Pakistan's obligations under international human rights law to ensure the rights of criminals to due process and fair trial.