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Chemical pulping involves dissolving lignin in order to extract the cellulose from the wood fiber. The different processes of chemical pulping include the Kraft process, which uses caustic soda and sodium sulfide and is the most common; alternatively, the use of sulfurous acid is known as the sulfite process, the neutral sulfite semichemical is treated as a third process separate from sulfite ...
Photochlorination is a chlorination reaction that is initiated by light. Usually a C-H bond is converted to a C-Cl bond. Photochlorination is carried out on an industrial scale. The process is exothermic and proceeds as a chain reaction initiated by the homolytic cleavage of molecular chlorine into chlorine radicals by ultraviolet radiation ...
The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), [1] which are commodity chemicals required by industry.
[26] [27] Wool scouring is the next process after the woollen fleece of a sheep is cut off. [28] Raw wool is also known as ''Greasy wool.'' "Grease" or "yolk'' is a combined form of dried sweat, oil and fatty matter. [29] Lanolin is the major component (5-25%) of raw wool which is a waxy substance secreted by the sebaceous glands of wool ...
Inorganic chloramines are produced by the reaction of ammonia and hypochlorous acid or chlorine. An urban legend claims that mixing household bleach (aqueous sodium hypochlorite) with ammonia-based cleaners releases chlorine gas or mustard gas; in reality, the gas produced by the reaction is a mixture of inorganic chloramines.
The earliest method of synthesis was to treat mercury(II) oxide with chlorine gas. [3] However, this method is expensive, as well as highly dangerous due to the risk of mercury poisoning. 2 Cl 2 + HgO → HgCl 2 + Cl 2 O. A safer and more convenient method of production is the reaction of chlorine gas with hydrated sodium carbonate at 20–30 ...
In place of HCl, chlorine can be used. [7] Barium chloride is extracted out from the mixture with water. From water solutions of barium chloride, its dihydrate (BaCl 2 ·2H 2 O) can be crystallized as colorless crystals. [2] Barium chloride can in principle be prepared by the reaction between barium hydroxide or barium carbonate with hydrogen ...
The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus. [citation needed] Chlorine adds to the multiple bonds on alkenes and alkynes as well, giving di- or tetra-chloro compounds. [citation needed]