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Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph to produce a record called an electromyogram .
Electromyography is the measurement and analysis of the electrical activity in skeletal muscles. This technique is useful for diagnosing the health of the muscle tissue and the nerves that control them. [8] EMG measures action potentials, called Motor Unit Action Potentials (MUAPs), created during muscle contraction.
Alternatively, when the microelectrode is close to the cell surface extracellular recordings measure the voltage change (with respect to time) outside the cell, giving only spike information. [7] Different types of microelectrodes can be used for single-unit recordings; they are typically high-impedance, fine-tipped and conductive.
Electrophysiology [2] is the branch of physiology that pertains broadly to the flow of ions (ion current) in biological tissues and, in particular, to the electrical recording techniques that enable the measurement of this flow. Classical electrophysiology techniques involve placing electrodes into various preparations of biological tissue. The ...
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) or intraoperative neuromonitoring is the use of electrophysiological methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and evoked potentials to monitor the functional integrity of certain neural structures (e.g., nerves, spinal cord and parts of the brain) during surgery.
Over time, newer techniques, such as somatosensory evoked potentials, single fiber electromyography, autonomic testing, and neuromuscular ultrasound have evolved as useful complementary techniques to nerve conduction studies and elecytromyography, which remain the core of electrodiagnostic medicine. [citation needed]
Electromyoneurography (EMNG) is the combined use of electromyography and electroneurography [1] This technique allows for the measurement of a peripheral nerve's conduction velocity upon stimulation (electroneurography) alongside electrical recording of muscular activity (electromyography). Their combined use proves to be clinically relevant by ...
Electrode placement: Surface electrodes are strategically placed on the skin over the nerve being tested and on a muscle it supplies or further along the path of that same nerve. [10] These electrodes record the nerve's electrical response and are referred to as surface recording electrodes. [10]