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Already in 1913, Kelsen had identified the need for a legal theoretic framework to support the idea of the Rechtsstaat. [5]Adolf Julius Merkl [de; pt] was a student of Kelsen's who made important contributions starting in 1918 in the area of hierarchy of norms that would help underpin some of Kelsen's ideas on norms and how they fit into his pure theory of law.
Hans Kelsen (/ ˈ k ɛ l s ən /; German: [ˈhans ˈkɛlzən]; October 11, 1881 – April 19, 1973) was an Austrian and later American jurist, legal philosopher and political philosopher.
Carlos Cossio. Teoría egológica y teoría pura (Balance provisional de la visita de Kelsen a la Argentina) Carlos Cossio. Teoría egológica y teoría pura (Balance provisional de la visita de Kelsen a la Argentina) [permanent dead link ] Hans Kelsen. Teoría pura del derecho y teoría egológica (Respuesta a Carlos Cossio) Hans Kelsen.
'Basic norm ' (German: Grundnorm) is a concept in the Pure Theory of Law created by Hans Kelsen, a jurist and legal philosopher. Kelsen used this word to denote the basic norm, order, or rule that forms an underlying basis for a legal system.
In Kelsen's view, the validity of a legal norm derives from a higher norm, creating a hierarchy that ultimately rests on a "basic norm": this basic norm, not the sovereign, is the ultimate source of legal authority. In addition to Kelsen, other prominent legal positivists of the 20th century include H. L. A. Hart and Joseph Raz.
In a simple society, Hart states, the recognition rule might only be what is written in a sacred book or what is said by a ruler. Hart claimed the concept of rule of recognition as an evolution from Hans Kelsen's ' basic norm ' (German: Grundnorm). The Rule of Change, the rule by which existing primary rules might be created, altered or deleted.
Hans Köchler, left, and Austrian Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky, right, at the Federal Chancellery in Vienna, November 1980 Through his research and civil society initiatives, Professor Köchler made major contributions to the debate on international democracy and United Nations reform, in particular reform of the Security Council.
Luis Pedro Alejandro Recasens Siches (1903, in Guatemala City – 1977) was a Spanish politician and a legal philosopher.. A professor at the universities of Santiago, Salamanca, Valladolid, and Madrid, he held major positions in the Spanish government in the 1930s.