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Nontheistic religions (not to be confused with atheism) are traditions of thought within a religious context—some otherwise aligned with theism, others not—in which nontheism informs religious beliefs or practices. [1] Nontheism has been applied and plays significant roles in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
A number of words derived from the name of this prominent deity are used in various Indo-European languages to denote a monotheistic God. Nonetheless, in spite of this, Proto-Indo-European religion itself was not monotheistic. [188] In Eastern Europe, the ancient traditions of the Slavic religion contained elements of monotheism.
Shituf (Hebrew: שִׁתּוּף; also transliterated as shittuf or schituf; literally "association") is a term used in Jewish sources for the worship of God in a manner which Judaism does not deem to be purely monotheistic. The term connotes a theology that is not outright polytheistic, but also should
In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith. [1] In polytheistic belief systems, a god is "a spirit or being believed to have created, or for controlling some part of the universe or life, for which such a deity is often worshipped". [2]
Generally speaking, Buddhism is a religion that does not include the belief in a monotheistic creator deity. [1] [2] [3] As such, it has often been described as either (non-materialistic) atheism or as nontheism.
All Abrahamic religions claim to be monotheistic, worshiping an exclusive God, although one who is known by different names. [52] [page needed] Each of these religions preaches that God creates, is one, rules, reveals, loves, judges, punishes, and forgives. [23]
The Mesha Stele bears the earliest known reference (840 BCE) to the Israelite god Yahweh. [16]Judaism, the oldest Abrahamic religion, is based on a strict, exclusive monotheism, [4] [17] finding its origins in the sole veneration of Yahweh, [4] [18] [19] [20] the predecessor to the Abrahamic conception of God.
Some scholars believe Zoroastrianism started as an Indo-Iranian polytheistic religion: according to Yujin Nagasawa, like the rest of the Zoroastrian texts, the Old Avesta does not teach monotheism. [21] By contrast, Md. Sayem characterizes Zoroastrianism as being one of the oldest monotheistic religions in the world. [22]