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The German language normally uses f to indicate the sound /f/ (as used in the English word fight) and w to indicate the sound /v/ (as in victory). However, v does occur in a large number of German words, where its pronunciation is /f/ in some words but /v/ in others.
German and Austrian speakers tend to be variably rhotic when using English loanwords. [citation needed] English /w/ is often replaced with German /v/ e.g. Whisk(e)y [ˈvɪskiː]. word-initial /s/ is often retained (especially in the South, where word-initial /s/ is common), [126] but many speakers replace it with /z/ e.g. Sound [zaʊ̯nt].
The voicing was lost again in the late Middle Ages, but the v still remains in certain words such as in Vogel (cf. Scandinavian fugl or English fowl) 'bird' (hence, v is sometimes called Vogel-vau), viel 'much'. For further information, see Pronunciation of v in German. w : The letter w represents the sound /v/.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Standard German on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Standard German in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Germanic sound shifts are the phonological developments (sound changes) from the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) to Proto-Germanic, in Proto-Germanic itself, and in various Germanic subfamilies and languages.
As a result of the High German consonant shift, Old High German developed a sound generally spelled zz or z that was probably pronounced [s] and was contrasted with a sound, probably pronounced [s̠] (voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant) or [z̠] (voiced alveolar retracted sibilant), depending on the place in the word, and spelled s . [27]
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The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is v , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is v. The sound is similar to voiced alveolar fricative /z/ in that it is familiar to most European speakers [citation needed] but is a fairly uncommon sound cross-linguistically, occurring in approximately 21.1% of languages. [1]