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Intrinsic factor is required for the absorption of vitamin B 12 in the diet. A long-term deficiency in vitamin B 12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large fragile red blood cells. Pernicious anaemia results from autoimmune destruction of gastric parietal cells, precluding the synthesis of intrinsic factor and, by extension ...
Intrinsic factor (IF), cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, [5] also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells (in humans) or chief cells (in rodents) of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B 12 later on in the distal ileum of the small intestine. [6]
High serum levels may caused by supplementing with vitamin B 12, present of antibodies to intrinsic factor, or due to underlying condition. [56] The presence of antibodies to gastric parietal cells and intrinsic factor is common in PA. Parietal cell antibodies are found in other autoimmune disorders and also in up to 10% of healthy individuals.
The same cells in the stomach that produce gastric hydrochloric acid, the parietal cells, also produce a molecule called the intrinsic factor (IF), which binds the B 12 after its release from haptocorrin by digestion, and without which only 1% of vitamin B 12 is absorbed. Intrinsic factor (IF) is a glycoprotein, with a molecular weight of 45 kDa.
Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is an inherited form of atrophic gastritis characterized by an immune response directed toward parietal cells and intrinsic factor. [6] Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia.
Lack of intrinsic factor: intrinsic factor is a protein produced by parietal cells in the stomach, and needed in the ileum for the absorption of vitamin B 12. Lack of intrinsic factor is most commonly due to an autoimmune attack on the cells that create it in the stomach, and this condition takes the name "pernicious anemia".
It is caused by loss of gastric parietal cells, and subsequent inability to absorb vitamin B 12. Pernicious anemia is the result of inadequate production of the protein intrinsic factor needed by the body to absorb vitamin B 12, causing a reduction of new red blood cells. [8]
The parietal cells in the fundus of the stomach, produce a glycoprotein called intrinsic factor which is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin), is carried to, and through the stomach, bound to a glycoprotein secreted by the salivary glands – transcobalamin I also called haptocorrin, which protects the acid ...