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The definition of symbiosis was a matter of debate for 130 years. [7] In 1877, Albert Bernhard Frank used the term symbiosis to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens . [ 8 ] [ 9 ] In 1878, the German mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms".
Plant and fungal partners within a network may enact a variety of symbiotic relationships. Earliest attention was given to mutualistic networks by which the plant and fungal partners both benefit. [15] Commensal and parasitic relationships are also found in mycorrhizal networks. A single partnership may change between any of the three types at ...
The dictionary definition of leech at Wiktionary ... these supplementary factors are produced by an obligatory mutualistic relationship with the ...
Symbiosis involves two species living in close physical contact over a long period of their existence and may be mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal, so symbiotic relationships are not always mutualistic, and mutualistic interactions are not always symbiotic. Despite a different definition between mutualism and symbiosis, they have been ...
This relationship between the epibiont and basibiont is called epibiosis. [8] Rotifers have been observed to feed on Vorticella . Bacteria may also live attached to the surface of Vorticella cells as epibionts, [ 5 ] which in some cases may represent a symbiotic relationship between the ciliate and bacteria.
Cleaning symbiosis is a relationship between a pair of animals of different species, involving the removal and subsequent ingestion of ectoparasites, diseased and injured tissue, and unwanted food items from the surface of the host organism (the client) by the cleaning organism (the cleaner). [5]
Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. [1] Facilitations can be categorized as mutualisms, in which both species benefit, or commensalisms, in which one species benefits and the other is unaffected.
Monotropa uniflora, an obligate myco-heterotroph known to parasitize fungi belonging to the Russulaceae. [1]Myco-heterotrophy (from Greek μύκης mýkes ' fungus ', ἕτερος héteros ' another ', ' different ' and τροφή trophé ' nutrition ') is a symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from parasitism upon ...