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In Australasia, the term self-governing colony is widely used by historians and constitutional lawyers in relation to the political arrangements in the British settler colonies of Australasia — New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia — between 1852 and 1901, when the six colonies agreed to Federation and became a Dominion.
In South Africa, the Cape Colony became the first British self-governing colony, in 1872. (Until 1893, the Cape Colony also controlled the separate Colony of Natal .) Following the Second Boer War (1899–1902), the British Empire assumed direct control of the Boer Republics , but transferred limited self-government to Transvaal in 1906, and ...
In every colony, a governor led the executive branch, and the legislative branch was divided into two houses: a governor's council and a representative assembly. Men who met property qualifications elected the assembly. In royal colonies, the British government appointed the governor and the council.
Separate self-governing colonies federated to become Canada (in 1867), Australia (in 1901), South Africa (in 1910) and Rhodesia (in 1965). These and other large self-governing colonies had by the 1920s become known as dominions. The dominions achieved almost full independence with the Statute of Westminster (1931).
Chart of current non-self-governing territories (as of June 2012). A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule, [1] which rules the territory and its indigenous peoples separated from the foreign rulers, the colonizer, and their metropole (or "mother country"). [2]
The charters defined the relationship of the colony to the mother country as free from involvement from the Crown. For the trading companies, charters vested the powers of government in the company in England. The officers would determine the administration, laws, & ordinances for the colony but only as conforming to the laws of England.
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Home rule is the government of a colony, dependent country, or region by its own citizens. [1] It is thus the power of a part (administrative division) of a state or an external dependent country to exercise such of the state's powers of governance within its own administrative area that have been decentralized to it by the central government.