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The scale is called the harmonic minor scale because it is a common foundation for harmonies (chords) in minor keys. Traditionally, "the main use for harmonic minor, when improvising or creating melodies, is over the V7 chord, not for use over the i chord."
The harmonic minor scale (or Aeolian ♯ 7 scale) has the same notes as the natural minor scale except that the seventh degree is raised by one semitone, creating an augmented second between the sixth and seventh degrees.
The seventh scale degree is very often raised a half step to form a leading tone, making the dominant chord (V) a major chord (i.e. V major instead of v minor) and the subtonic chord (vii), a diminished chord (vii o, instead of ♭ VII). This version of minor scale is called the harmonic minor scale.
The key note, or tonic, of a piece of music is called note number one, the first step of (here), the ascending scale iii–IV–V. Chords built on several scale degrees are numbered likewise. Thus the chord progression E minor–F–G can be described as three–four–five, (or iii–IV–V). A chord may be built upon any note of a musical scale.
Harmonic minor scale: Harmonic minor scale on C. Play ... Bebop scale; Chord-scale system; Heptatonic scale; Jazz scale; List of chord progressions; List of chords;
The harmonic minor scale is also of value to many improvisors, as it provides an alternative color for many common chords and chord progressions. The A harmonic minor scale can be used on the chords of a piece in A minor, especially on the minor ii–V–i chord progression. One of the most common uses of the harmonic minor scale is its fifth ...
The chord occurs on the tonic when harmonizing the harmonic minor scale in seventh chords. That is, the first, third, fifth, and seventh scale degrees of the harmonic minor scale form a minor major seventh chord, as shown below.
As it contains the notes and alterations (I, ♭ 9, m3/ ♯ 9, M3, ♭ 5/ ♯ 11, ♭ 13, m7), it is particularly important in the jazz harmonic idiom, notably as a V chord in a minor key. For our example key of C-minor, the V chord is G7, so the improviser would draw upon the G7 altered scale (mode VII of the A ♭ melodic minor). A complete ...