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The paired submandibular glands (historically known as submaxillary glands) are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth.In adult humans, they each weigh about 15 grams and contribute some 60–67% of unstimulated saliva secretion; on stimulation their contribution decreases in proportion as parotid gland secretion rises to 50%. [1]
They are situated just superficial to the submandibular salivary gland, and posterolateral to the anterior belly of either digastric muscle. [1]One gland, the middle gland of Stahr, which lies on the facial artery as it turns over the mandible, is the most constant of the series; small lymph glands are sometimes found on the deep surface of the submandibular gland.
The most common cause of enlargement of the submental lymph nodes are infections (including viral infections (mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and cytomegaloviral infections), toxoplasmosis, and dental infections (e.g. periodontitis)).
About 20,000 protein-coding genes are expressed in human cells and 60% of these genes are expressed in normal, adult salivary glands. [19] [20] Less than 100 genes are more specifically expressed in the salivary gland. The salivary gland specific genes are mainly genes that encode for secreted proteins and compared to other organs in the human ...
The submandibular duct (also Wharton's duct or historically submaxillary duct) is one of the salivary excretory ducts. It is about 5 cm long, and its wall is much thinner than that of the parotid duct. It drains saliva from each bilateral submandibular gland and sublingual gland to the sublingual caruncle in the floor of the mouth.
The following summarizes the important structures found in the submandibular triangle: 1. The external and internal carotid artery; 2. The internal jugular vein; 3. The deep cervical lymph nodes; 4. The 10th cranial nerve ( Vagus Nerve ) 5. The submandibular gland; 6. The submandibular lymph nodes; 7. The Facial artery and vein; 8.
It receives secretions from the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. The posterior border of the oral cavity (ie, junction between the oral cavity and the oropharynx) includes the junction of the hard palate and the soft palate superiorly, the circumvallate papillae of the tongue inferiorly, and the retromolar trigone.
The facial lymph nodes comprise three groups: (a) infraorbital or maxillary, scattered over the infraorbital region from the groove between the nose and cheek to the zygomatic arch;