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While silicon detectors cannot be thicker than a few millimeters, germanium can have a sensitive layer (depletion region) thickness of centimeters, and therefore can be used as a total absorption detector for gamma rays up to a few MeV. These detectors are also called high-purity germanium detectors (HPGe) or hyperpure germanium detectors.
A clover detector is a gamma-ray detector that consists of 4 coaxial N-type high purity germanium (Ge) crystals each machined to shape and mounted in a common cryostat to form a structure resembling a four-leaf clover. [1] The clover is the first composite Ge detector.
Germanium is a chemical element; ... Crystals of high purity germanium are used in detectors for gamma spectroscopy and the search for dark matter. [91]
Schematic representation of the electric segmentation of an AGATA detector. The parameters of the detectors are: [1] Maximum cylinder size: 90.0 mm length, 40.0 mm radius. Coaxial hole size: 10.0 mm diameter, extension to 13.0 mm from the front face. Passivation layers: 1.0 mm at the back of the detector, 0.6 mm around the coaxial hole.
In modern sets, a semiconductor diode is used for the detector, which is much more reliable than a crystal detector and requires no adjustments. [48] [81] [98] Germanium diodes (or sometimes Schottky diodes) are used instead of silicon diodes, because their lower forward voltage drop (roughly 0.3 V compared to 0.6 V [99]) makes them more sensitive.
The experiment used high purity enriched Ge crystal diodes as a beta decay source and particle detector. The detectors from the HdM (Heidelberg-Moscow [2]) and IGEX [2] experiments were reprocessed and used in phase 1. The detector array was suspended in a liquid argon cryostat lined with copper and surrounded by an ultra-pure water tank.