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Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [2]: 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that classical physics cannot.
It enables simplified calculation of particle interactions in some quantum field theories. In planar N = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory , also equivalent to the perturbative topological B model string theory in twistor space , an amplituhedron is defined as a mathematical space known as the positive Grassmannian .
Applications of quantum mechanics include explaining phenomena found in nature as well as developing technologies that rely upon quantum effects, like integrated circuits and lasers. [ note 1 ] Quantum mechanics is also critically important for understanding how individual atoms are joined by covalent bonds to form molecules .
Carlo Rovelli (born 3 May 1956) is an Italian theoretical physicist and writer who has worked in Italy, the United States, France, and Canada. [1] He is currently Emeritus Professor at the Centre de Physique Theorique of Marseille in France, a Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute, [2] core member of the Rotman Institute of Philosophy of Western University in Canada ...
Gerard 't Hooft has referred to his cellular automaton model of quantum mechanics as superdeterministic [14] though it has remained unclear whether it fulfills the definition. Some authors consider retrocausality in quantum mechanics to be an example of superdeterminism, whereas other authors treat the two cases as distinct. [ 15 ]
Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates matter of the Standard Model into the framework established for the intrinsic quantum gravity case. It is an attempt to develop a quantum theory of gravity based directly on Albert Einstein 's geometric formulation rather than the treatment of gravity as a mysterious ...
That is the quantum mechanical universe. [54] The series can be purchased from Caltech or streamed from online video sources, including Caltech's official YouTube channel. [55] Caltech also posted on YouTube a series of short videos made by Blinn to demonstrate the show's computer animation at SIGGRAPH conferences.
While standard quantum mechanics postulates wave function collapse to connect quantum to classical models, some extension theories propose physical processes that cause collapse. The in depth study of quantum decoherence has proposed that collapse is related to the interaction of a quantum system with its environment.