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Suboxone tablet (Buprenorphine/naloxone) delivers the opioid drug through a sublingual route, giving fast onset of effects.. Opioid withdrawal is a set of symptoms (a syndrome) arising from the sudden cessation or reduction of opioids where previous usage has been heavy and prolonged.
Physical dependence and withdrawal from buprenorphine itself remain important issues since buprenorphine is a long-acting opioid. [95] Reckitt found success when researchers synthesized RX6029 which had shown success in reducing dependence in test animals. RX6029 was named buprenorphine and began trials on humans in 1971.
Buprenorphine/naloxone, sold under the brand name Suboxone among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication that includes buprenorphine and naloxone. [3] It is used to treat opioid use disorder, and reduces the mortality of opioid use disorder by 50% (by reducing the risk of overdose on full-agonist opioids such as heroin or fentanyl).
Buprenorphine and methadone work by reducing opioid cravings, easing withdrawal symptoms, and blocking the euphoric effects of opioids via cross-tolerance, [125] and in the case of buprenorphine, a high-affinity partial opioid agonist, also due to opioid receptor saturation. [126]
Like methadone, Suboxone blocks both the effects of heroin withdrawal and an addict’s craving and, if used properly, does it without causing intoxication. Unlike methadone, it can be prescribed by a certified family physician and taken at home, meaning a recovering addict can lead a normal life, without a daily early-morning commute to a clinic.
Naloxone is poorly absorbed when taken orally or sublingually, so it is often combined with several oral or sublingual opioid preparations, including buprenorphine and pentazocine, so that when swallowed or taken sublingually, only the non-naloxone opioid has an effect.
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