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The first Project Euler problem is Multiples of 3 and 5. If we list all the natural numbers below 10 that are multiples of 3 or 5, we get 3, 5, 6 and 9. The sum of these multiples is 23. Find the sum of all the multiples of 3 or 5 below 1000. It is a 5% rated problem, indicating it is one of the easiest on the site.
For example, the class 2-EXPTIME is defined similarly to EXPTIME but with a doubly exponential time bound. This can be generalized to higher and higher time bounds. EXPTIME can also be reformulated as the space class APSPACE, the set of all problems that can be solved by an alternating Turing machine in polynomial space.
A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem. Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP . However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable , and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are probably not NP-hard ...
The following articles contain lists of problems: List of philosophical problems; List of undecidable problems; Lists of unsolved problems; List of NP-complete problems;
This problem illustrates a common trick in the theory of P-completeness. We aren't really interested in whether a problem can be solved quickly on a parallel machine. We're just interested in whether a parallel machine solves it much more quickly than a sequential machine. Therefore, we have to reword the problem so that the sequential version ...
The artificial landscapes presented herein for single-objective optimization problems are taken from Bäck, [1] Haupt et al. [2] and from Rody Oldenhuis software. [3] Given the number of problems (55 in total), just a few are presented here. The test functions used to evaluate the algorithms for MOP were taken from Deb, [4] Binh et al. [5] and ...
More examples of crows doing scarily smart things can be found in the list below, curated by our Bored Panda team. Scroll down to find them and make sure to upvote those instances that make you ...
Open problems around exact algorithms by Gerhard J. Woeginger, Discrete Applied Mathematics 156 (2008) 397–405. The RTA list of open problems – open problems in rewriting. The TLCA List of Open Problems – open problems in area typed lambda calculus