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The Tsar of all Russia, [1] officially the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, [a] [b] [2] [3] [4] was the title of the Russian monarch from 1547 to 1721. During this period, the state was a tsardom. [5] [6] The first Russian monarch to be crowned tsar was Ivan IV, who had held the title of sovereign and grand prince.
The Tsardom of Russia, [a] also known as the Tsardom of Muscovy, [b] was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721. From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. [11]
Ivan IV Vasilyevich (Russian: Иван IV Васильевич; [d] 25 August 1530 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible, [e] was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1533 to 1547, and the first Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia from 1547 until his death in 1584. [3] Ivan's reign was characterised by ...
Blessed Be the Host of the Heavenly Tsar ( Russian: Благословенно воинство Небесного Царя ), also known as the Ecclesia militans ("The Church Militant"), is a grand Russian Orthodox icon commemorating the conquest of Kazan by Ivan IV of Russia (1552). Measuring almost four meters in width, Ecclesia militans is ...
In 1547 and in 1549–1550, Ivan the Terrible besieged Kazan, but supply difficulties forced him to withdraw. The Russians pulled back 29 kilometres (18 mi) and built the town or fort of Sviyazhsk. They also annexed land west of the Volga which weakened the khanate. The peace party agreed to accept the pro-Russian Shah Ali as khan.
The Russians had also long called the Byzantine emperor tsar, and had known of the South Slavic writers who gave the title to their most successful rulers. [62] A Serbian monk who had arrived in Moscow in the early 1440s helped to provide the foundation for the title, having composed a "chronograph" which included the prophecy of a "Russian ...
Boris Feodorovich Godunov (/ ˈ ɡ ɒ d ə n ˌ ɔː f, ˈ ɡ ʊ d-/; [1] Russian: Борис Фёдорович Годунов, romanized: Boris Fyodorovich Godunov; 12 August [O.S. 2 August] 1552 [2] – 23 April [O.S. 13 April] 1605) [3] [4] was the de facto regent of Russia from 1585 to 1598 and then tsar from 1598 to 1605 following the death of Feodor I, the last of the Rurik dynasty.
The Zemsky Sobor (Russian: зе́мский собо́р, IPA: [ˈzʲemskʲɪj sɐˈbor], lit. 'assembly of the land') was a parliament of the Tsardom of Russia 's estates of the realm active during the 16th and 17th centuries. The assembly represented Russia's feudal classes in three categories: Nobility and the high bureaucracy, the Holy ...