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  2. Reduction of order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduction_of_order

    Reduction of order (or d’Alembert reduction) is a technique in mathematics for solving second-order linear ordinary differential equations. It is employed when one solution is known and a second linearly independent solution is desired. The method also applies to n -th order equations. In this case the ansatz will yield an (n −1)-th order ...

  3. Lie point symmetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie_point_symmetry

    Lie point symmetry is a concept in advanced mathematics. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Sophus Lie introduced the notion of Lie group in order to study the solutions of ordinary differential equations [ 1][ 2][ 3] (ODEs). He showed the following main property: the order of an ordinary differential equation can be reduced by one if ...

  4. Beltrami identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltrami_identity

    The Beltrami identity, named after Eugenio Beltrami, is a special case of the Euler–Lagrange equation in the calculus of variations. The Euler–Lagrange equation serves to extremize action functionals of the form [] = [, (), ′ ()],

  5. Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_methods_for...

    The same illustration for The midpoint method converges faster than the Euler method, as . Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations are methods used to find numerical approximations to the solutions of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Their use is also known as "numerical integration", although this term can also refer to ...

  6. Bogacki–Shampine method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogacki–Shampine_method

    The Bogacki–Shampine method is a method for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, that was proposed by Przemysław Bogacki and Lawrence F. Shampine in 1989 (Bogacki & Shampine 1989). The Bogacki–Shampine method is a Runge–Kutta method of order three with four stages with the First Same As Last (FSAL) property, so that ...

  7. Duhamel's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duhamel's_principle

    In mathematics, and more specifically in partial differential equations, Duhamel's principle is a general method for obtaining solutions to inhomogeneous linear evolution equations like the heat equation, wave equation, and vibrating plate equation. It is named after Jean-Marie Duhamel who first applied the principle to the inhomogeneous heat ...

  8. Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg...

    In mathematics, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method (or Fehlberg method) is an algorithm in numerical analysis for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations. It was developed by the German mathematician Erwin Fehlberg and is based on the large class of Runge–Kutta methods. The novelty of Fehlberg's method is that it is an ...

  9. Central differencing scheme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_differencing_scheme

    In applied mathematics, the central differencing scheme is a finite difference method that optimizes the approximation for the differential operator in the central node of the considered patch and provides numerical solutions to differential equations. [1] It is one of the schemes used to solve the integrated convection–diffusion equation and ...