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Phytochemicals (from Greek phyto, meaning "plant") are chemicals produced by plants through primary or secondary metabolism. [2][3] They generally have biological activity in the plant host and play a role in plant growth or defense against competitors, pathogens, or predators. [2] Phytochemicals are generally regarded as research compounds ...
Phytochemistry is the study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants. Phytochemists strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolites found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds. Plants synthesize phytochemicals for many ...
Photosynthesis (/ ˌfoʊtəˈsɪnθəsɪs / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [1] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism.
Flavonoid. Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. [1] Chemically, flavonoids have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and ...
Polyphenol. Representative chemical structure of one of many plant-derived polyphenols that comprise tannic acid. Such compound are formed by esterification of phenylpropanoid -derived gallic acid to a monosaccharide (glucose) core. Polyphenols (/ ˌpɒliˈfiːnoʊl, - nɒl /) are a large family of naturally occurring phenols. [1]
Terpenes (/ ˈtɜːrpiːn /) are a class of natural products consisting of compounds with the formula (C 5 H 8) n for n ≥ 2. Terpenes are major biosynthetic building blocks. Comprising more than 30,000 compounds, these unsaturated hydrocarbons are produced predominantly by plants, particularly conifers. [1][2][3] In plants, terpenes and ...
A chemical plant is an industrial process plant that manufactures (or otherwise processes) chemicals, usually on a large scale. [1] The general objective of a chemical plant is to create new material wealth via the chemical or biological transformation and or separation of materials. [2] Chemical plants use specialized equipment, units, and ...
Phytoestrogen. A phytoestrogen is a plant-derived xenoestrogen (a type of estrogen produced by organisms other than humans) not generated within the endocrine system, but consumed by eating plants or manufactured foods. [1] Also called a "dietary estrogen", it is a diverse group of naturally occurring nonsteroidal plant compounds that, because ...