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Dot distribution map. A bivariate dot density map showing the relative concentrations of the Black and Hispanic populations in the United States in 2010. A dot distribution map (or a dot density map or simply a dot map) is a type of thematic map that uses a point symbol to visualize the geographic distribution of a large number of related ...
A bivariate map or multivariate map is a type of thematic map that displays two or more variables on a single map by combining different sets of symbols. [1] Each of the variables is represented using a standard thematic map technique, such as choropleth, cartogram, or proportional symbols. They may be the same type or different types, and they ...
Scrope's 1833 map of world population density, possibly the first dasymetric map. The earliest maps using this kind of approach include an 1833 map of world population density by George Julius Poulett Scrope [4] and an 1838 map of population density in Ireland by Henry Drury Harness, although the methods used to create these maps were never documented.
A very innovative thematic map from the 19th century. Isarithmic map of minimum temperature used as plant hardiness zones. A thematic map is a type of map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter (theme) in a geographic area. This usually involves the use of map symbols to visualize selected properties of geographic ...
A two-dimensional Poincaré section of the forced Duffing equation. In mathematics, particularly in dynamical systems, a first recurrence map or Poincaré map, named after Henri Poincaré, is the intersection of a periodic orbit in the state space of a continuous dynamical system with a certain lower-dimensional subspace, called the Poincaré section, transversal to the flow of the system.
In N-dimensions, except for the ground state, the energy levels are degenerate, meaning there are several states with the same energy. The degeneracy can be calculated relatively easily. As an example, consider the 3-dimensional case: Define n = n 1 + n 2 + n 3. All states with the same n will have the same energy.
Maxwell's equations, or Maxwell–Heaviside equations, are a set of coupled partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits. The equations provide a mathematical model for electric, optical, and radio technologies, such ...
t. e. In quantum mechanics, a density matrix (or density operator) is a matrix that describes an ensemble [1] of physical systems as quantum states (even if the ensemble contains only one system). It allows for the calculation of the probabilities of the outcomes of any measurements performed upon the systems of the ensemble using the Born rule.