Ad
related to: scorpion toxin function in the brain and memorywiserlifestyles.com has been visited by 100K+ users in the past month
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Scorpion toxins are proteins found in the venom of scorpions.Their toxic effect may be mammal- or insect-specific and acts by binding with varying degrees of specificity to members of the Voltage-gated ion channel superfamily; specifically, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-gated potassium channels, [3] and Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels.
Based on its homology to other members of the α-scorpion toxin family, bukatoxin most likely blocks the inactivation of neuronal sodium channels by binding to the neurotoxin receptor site 3 of sodium channels, thereby prolonging the action potential. [1] [2]
Cm28, a scorpion toxin from Centruroides margaritatus, selectively blocks voltage-gated potassium channels K V 1.2 and K V 1.3 with high affinity. [1] It also suppresses the activation of human CD4 + effector memory T cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases.
Despite its high homology with other depressant toxins, BmKAEP differs from them at residues 6, 7 and 39, which is thought to be important in determining its unique function. [3] Its lysine residue, at position 51, also has a special feature: it interacts with mammalian Na + channels.
The crude venom of T. serrulatus contains different toxins. Some of the strongest derivates are the neurotoxins tityustoxin and toxin Ts-g. [3] Two types of toxins are considered to be responsible for the main toxic effect: toxin gamma (a β-type toxin) and tityustoxin (TsTX, an α-type toxin), both with a specific affinity to the sodium channel. [4]
Tst1 (alternatively PT-Mice-beta* NaTx6.3, Tst-gamma, toxin gamma-like of Tityus stigmurus) is a neurotoxic peptide which can be purified from the venom of the Brazilian scorpion, Tityus stigmurus. [1] The toxin name is derived from the name of the scorpion, with ‘Tst’ standing for Tityus stigmurus toxin.
Charybdotoxin (ChTX) is a 37 amino acid neurotoxin from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (deathstalker) that blocks calcium-activated potassium channels. [2] This blockade causes hyperexcitability of the nervous system. It is a close homologue of agitoxin and both toxins come from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus.
The toxin has been classified as a short-chain scorpion toxin. [1] It consists of 36 amino acids and is referred to as TmTx1. [2] A peptide consisting of 35 amino acids has also been identified, [1] referred to as TmTx2. [2] It possesses three intra-molecular disulphide bonds (S-S), leading to a highly stabilized conformation.