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An echinoderm (/ ɪ ˈ k aɪ n ə ˌ d ɜːr m, ˈ ɛ k ə-/) [2] is any animal of the phylum Echinodermata (/ ɪ ˌ k aɪ n oʊ ˈ d ɜːr m ə t ə /), which includes starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars and sea cucumbers, as well as the sessile sea lilies or "stone lilies". [3]
The name comes from the Greek "echinos" (ἐχῖνος) meaning a hedgehog or sea-urchin [5] and "derma" (δέρμα) meaning skin, [6] referring to the spiny cap surface. The noun "derma" is neuter and therefore if the species name is an adjective, it needs to take the neuter ending (example: Echinoderma asperum ).
This list excludes purely vernacular terms. It includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered echinoderms. The list includes thousands of ...
A brittle star, Ophionereis reticulata A sea cucumber from Malaysia Starfish exhibit a wide range of colours. This List of echinoderm orders concerns the various classes and orders into which taxonomists categorize the roughly 7000 extant species [1] as well as the extinct species of the exclusively marine phylum Echinodermata.
Eleutherozoa is a subphylum of echinoderms. They are mobile animals with the mouth directed towards the substrate. They usually have a madreporite, tube feet, and moveable spines of some sort. It includes all living echinoderms except for crinoids. The monophyly of Eleutherozoa has been proven sufficiently well to be considered "uncontroversial ...
Echinoderms (sea urchins, sea lilies, sea stars, crinoids, ...) are animals in the phylum Echinodermata. There are 5 subphyla, some of them being extinct: †Homalozoa, Crinozoa, Asterozoa, Echinozoa and †Blastozoa.
This list of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names is intended to help those unfamiliar with classical languages to understand and remember the scientific names of organisms. The binomial nomenclature used for animals and plants is largely derived from Latin and Greek words, as are some of the names used for higher taxa , such ...
[6] [7] The name is derived from the Old French herichun, from Latin ericius ('hedgehog'). [8] Like other echinoderms, sea urchin early larvae have bilateral symmetry, [9] but they develop five-fold symmetry as they mature. This is most apparent in the "regular" sea urchins, which have roughly spherical bodies with five equally sized parts ...