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Ough is a four-letter sequence, a tetragraph, used in English orthography and notorious for its unpredictable pronunciation. [1] It has at least eight pronunciations in North American English and nine in British English , and no discernible patterns exist for choosing among them.
Reading by using phonics is often referred to as decoding words, sounding-out words or using print-to-sound relationships.Since phonics focuses on the sounds and letters within words (i.e. sublexical), [13] it is often contrasted with whole language (a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading) and a compromise approach called balanced literacy (the attempt to combine whole language and ...
Ough may refer to: Ough (orthography), a letter sequence in English orthography; Ough (surname) Ough, Nebraska, a community in the United States
Ough itself is a word, an exclamation of disgust similar to ugh, though rarely known or used. The following are typical pronunciations of this string of letters: / oʊ / (as in so) in though and dough / ʌ f / (as in cuff) in tough, rough, enough, and the name Hough / ɒ f / (as in off) in trough, cough, and Gough
In the Old English vowel system, the vowels in the open back area were unrounded: /ɑ/, /ɑː/.There were also rounded back vowels of mid-height: /o/, /oː/.The corresponding spellings were a and o , with the length distinctions not normally marked; in modern editions of Old English texts, the long vowels are often written ā , ō .
In the dominant dialects of modern English, gh is almost always either silent or pronounced /f/ (see Ough). It is thought that before disappearing, the sound became partially or completely voiced to [ɣx] or [ɣ] , which would explain the new spelling — Old English used a simple h — and the diphthongization of any preceding vowel.
Dr. Seuss once wrote an illustrated humorous piece about the dire effects of "ough" spellings entitled "Ough! Ough! Or Why I Believe in Simplified Spelling", reprinted on page 57 of "The Tough Coughs as he Ploughs the Dough" (ISBN 0-688-06548-1). -- AnonMoos 17:42, 19 August 2008 (UTC)
Spectrogram of [ʌ]. The open-mid back unrounded vowel or low-mid back unrounded vowel [1] is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʌ , graphically a rotated lowercase "v" (called a turned V but created as a small-capital ᴀ without the crossbar, even though some vendors display it as a real turned v).