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In mathematics, a point process is a random element whose values are "point patterns" on a set S.While in the exact mathematical definition a point pattern is specified as a locally finite counting measure, it is sufficient for more applied purposes to think of a point pattern as a countable subset of S that has no limit points.
The thinning operation entails using some predefined rule to remove points from a point process to form a new point process .These thinning rules may be deterministic, that is, not random, which is the case for one of the simplest rules known as -thinning: [1] each point of is independently removed (or kept) with some probability (or ).
A point process is often denoted by a single letter, [1] [7] [8] for example , and if the point process is considered as a random set, then the corresponding notation: [1], is used to denote that a random point is an element of (or belongs to) the point process . The theory of random sets can be applied to point processes owing to this ...
In geometry, a point is an abstract idealization of an exact position, without size, in physical space, [1] or its generalization to other kinds of mathematical spaces.As zero-dimensional objects, points are usually taken to be the fundamental indivisible elements comprising the space, of which one-dimensional curves, two-dimensional surfaces, and higher-dimensional objects consist; conversely ...
In probability and statistics, a moment measure is a mathematical quantity, function or, more precisely, measure that is defined in relation to mathematical objects known as point processes, which are types of stochastic processes often used as mathematical models of physical phenomena representable as randomly positioned points in time, space or both.
In probability and statistics, a factorial moment measure is a mathematical quantity, function or, more precisely, measure that is defined in relation to mathematical objects known as point processes, which are types of stochastic processes often used as mathematical models of physical phenomena representable as randomly positioned points in time, space or both.
For example, , (,) is a projection and its restriction to a graph of a function, say, is also a projection. The terms “idempotent operator” and “forgetful map” are also synonyms for a projection.
Antipodal point, the point diametrically opposite to another point on a sphere, such that a line drawn between them passes through the centre of the sphere and forms a true diameter; Conjugate point, any point that can almost be joined to another by a 1-parameter family of geodesics (e.g., the antipodes of a sphere, which are linkable by any ...