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  2. Off-by-one error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-by-one_error

    Off-by-one errors are common in using the C library because it is not consistent with respect to whether one needs to subtract 1 byte – functions like fgets() and strncpy will never write past the length given them (fgets() subtracts 1 itself, and only retrieves (length − 1) bytes), whereas others, like strncat will write past the length given them.

  3. Round-off error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round-off_error

    In computing, a roundoff error, [1] also called rounding error, [2] is the difference between the result produced by a given algorithm using exact arithmetic and the result produced by the same algorithm using finite-precision, rounded arithmetic. [3]

  4. Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel

    In the second line, the number one is added to the fraction, and again Excel displays only 15 figures. In the third line, one is subtracted from the sum using Excel. Because the sum in the second line has only eleven 1's after the decimal, the difference when 1 is subtracted from this displayed value is three 0's followed by a string of eleven 1's.

  5. Multiple comparisons problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_comparisons_problem

    Although the 30 samples were all simulated under the null, one of the resulting p-values is small enough to produce a false rejection at the typical level 0.05 in the absence of correction. Multiple comparisons arise when a statistical analysis involves multiple simultaneous statistical tests, each of which has a potential to produce a "discovery".

  6. Error function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file

  7. Probability of error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_of_error

    For a Type I error, it is shown as α (alpha) and is known as the size of the test and is 1 minus the specificity of the test. This quantity is sometimes referred to as the confidence of the test, or the level of significance (LOS) of the test.

  8. Determining the outcome of a match (association football)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determining_the_Outcome_of...

    Most codes of football from before 1863 provided only one means of scoring (typically called the "goal", although Harrow football used the word "base"). [7] The two major exceptions (the Eton field game and Sheffield rules, which borrowed the concept from Eton) both used the "rouge" (a touchdown, somewhat similar to a try in today's rugby) as a tie-breaker.

  9. Away goals rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Away_goals_rule

    In the second leg, the final score goes as follows: Second leg, after 90 minutes: Team B (Home) 1–0 Team A (Away). Second leg, after extra time: Team B (Home) 1–0 Team A (Away). In this example, the aggregate score is 1–1, but as neither team scored an away goal, the match will progress to the next tie-breaker, extra time. Since no ...