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Notice that this gear ratio is exactly the same as for the case when the gears A and B engage directly. The intermediate gear provides spacing but does not affect the gear ratio. For this reason it is called an idler gear. The same gear ratio is obtained for a sequence of idler gears and hence an idler gear is used to provide the same direction ...
Analysis assumes a common gear design modulus. The planetary gears (blue) turn in a ratio determined by the number of teeth in each gear. Here, the ratio is − + 27 / 18 , or − + 3 / 2 ; meaning that each planet gear turns at 3 / 2 the rate of the sun gear, in the opposite direction. An outer ring gear is not shown.
Worm-and-gear sets are a simple and compact way to achieve a high torque, low speed gear ratio. For example, helical gears are normally limited to gear ratios of less than 10:1 while worm-and-gear sets vary from 10:1 to 500:1. [45] A disadvantage is the potential for considerable sliding action, leading to low efficiency. [46]
Differentials can also provide a gear ratio between the input and output shafts (called the "axle ratio" or "diff ratio"). For example, many differentials in motor vehicles provide a gearing reduction by having fewer teeth on the pinion than the ring gear.
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automated transmission that can change through a continuous range of gear ratios, typically resulting in better fuel economy in gasoline applications. [1] This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps.
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication/reduction in a machine. [1] [2] Transmissions can have a single fixed-gear ratio, multiple distinct gear ratios, or continuously variable ratios. Variable ...
Epicyclic gearing can be used in a torque multiplier. The sun gear (yellow) is driven by an input torque. The planet gear carrier (green) provides the output torque, while the ring gear (red) is fixed. Note the red marks both before and after the input drive (yellow) is rotated 170° clockwise.
The design of most manual transmissions for cars is that gear ratios are selected by locking selected gear pairs to the output shaft inside the transmission. This is a fundamental difference compared with a typical hydraulic automatic transmission, which uses an epicyclic (planetary) design, and a hydraulic torque converter.