Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The sodium-glucose linked transporters (SGLTs) are responsible for the active transport of glucose across cell membranes. SGLT1 and SGLT2 are the most well-studied members of this family. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Both SGLT1 and SGLT2 function as symporters , utilizing the energy from the sodium gradient created by the Na+/K+ ATPase to transport glucose ...
The sodium glucose cotransporter is original arranged with an outward-facing conformation with open receptors in preparation for 2 sodium ions and glucose to simultaneously bind. [6] Once bound, the protein receptor will change conformation to an occluded conformation, which prevents the dissociation of the sodium ions and glucose. [ 6 ]
SGLT2 is a member of the sodium glucose cotransporter family, which are sodium-dependent glucose transport proteins. SGLT2 is the major cotransporter involved in glucose reabsorption in the kidney. [6] SGLT2 is located in the early proximal tubule, and is responsible for reabsorption of 80-90% of the glucose filtered by the kidney glomerulus. [7]
Na + /glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) – is also known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 and is encoded by the SLC5A1 gene. SGLT1 is an electrogenic transporter as the sodium electrochemical gradient drives glucose uphill into the cells.
Hence reabsorption of glucose is dependent upon the existing sodium gradient which is generated through the active functioning of the Na + /K +-ATPase. As the cotransport of glucose with sodium from the lumen does not directly require ATP hydrolysis but depends upon the action of the ATPase, this is described as secondary active transport. [10]
An example is the glucose symporter SGLT1, which co-transports one glucose (or galactose) molecule into the cell for every two sodium ions it imports into the cell. [27] This symporter is located in the small intestines, [28] heart, [29] and brain. [30] It is also located in the S3 segment of the proximal tubule in each nephron in the kidneys. [31]
The movement of the ion(s) across the membrane is facilitated diffusion, and is coupled with the active transport of the molecule(s). In symport, two molecule move in a 'similar direction' at the 'same time'. For example, the movement of glucose along with sodium ions. It exploits the uphill movement of other molecules from low to high ...
The SGLT1 protein is a symporter system because it passes both glucose and sodium in the same direction, from the lumen of the intestine to inside the intestinal cells. [ 4 ] An example of an antiporter mediated transport protein is the sodium-calcium antiporter, a transport protein involved in keeping the cytoplasmic concentration of calcium ...