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Identify the existence of the outbreak (Is the group of ill persons normal for the time of year, geographic area, etc.?) Verify the diagnosis related to the outbreak; Create a case definition to define who/what is included as a case; Map the spread of the outbreak using Information technology as diagnosis is reported to insurance
The coronavirus is on everyone’s minds. As an epidemiologist, I find it interesting to hear people using technical terms – like quarantine or super spreader or reproductive number – that my ...
A medical dictionary definition of pandemic is "an epidemic occurring on a scale that crosses international boundaries, usually affecting people on a worldwide scale". [14] A disease or condition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills many people; it must also be infectious.
The Plague of Athens (c. 1652 –1654) by Michiel Sweerts, illustrating the devastating epidemic that struck Athens in 430 BC, as described by the historian Thucydides. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines epidemic broadly: "Epidemic refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in ...
2018 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala: 2018 India Nipah virus infection: 17 [294] Kivu Ebola epidemic: 2018–2020 Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: Ebola: 2,280 [295] [296] [297] 2018 NDM-CRE outbreak in Italy 2018–2019 Italy New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae: 31 (as of September 2019 ...
The virus can spread to different organs throughout the chicken. [131] The virus is transmitted by aerosol and food contaminated by feces. Different vaccines against IBV exist and have helped to limit the spread of the virus and its variants. [127] Infectious bronchitis virus is one of a number of strains of the species Avian coronavirus. [133]
A report in The Lancet on 24 January indicated human transmission, strongly recommended personal protective equipment for health workers, and said testing for the virus was essential due to its "pandemic potential". [147] [444] On 30 January, the WHO declared COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. [443]
A panzootic (from Greek παν pan all + ζόιον zoion animal) is an epizootic (an outbreak of an infectious disease of animals) that spreads across a large region (for example a continent), or even worldwide. The equivalent in human populations is called a pandemic. A panzootic can start when three conditions have been met: