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The streets in London were dark and had a shortage of good quality artificial light. [1] It had been recognized for centuries that the coming of darkness to the unlit streets of a town brought a heightened threat of danger, and that the night provided cover to the disorderly and immoral, and to those bent on robbery or burglary or who in other ways threatened physical harm to people in the ...
Nightwalker statutes were English statutes, before modern policing, allowing or requiring night watchmen to arrest those found on the streets after sunset and hold them until morning. [1]
A night-watchman state, also referred to as a minimal state or minarchy, whose proponents are known as minarchists, is a model of a state that is limited and minimal, whose functions depend on libertarian theory.
Hanging of Samuel Whittaker and Robert McKenzie, August 24, 1851. The 1851 Committee of Vigilance was inaugurated on June 9 with the promulgation of a written doctrine declaring its aims [4] and hanged John Jenkins of Sydney, Australia, on June 10 after he was convicted of stealing a safe from an office in a trial organized by the committee: grand larceny was punishable by death under ...
The Boston Police Department (BPD) is the primary law enforcement agency of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1854, the BPD is the oldest municipal police department in the United States. [2] [3] It is also the 20th largest law enforcement agency in the country, with 2,713 sworn and unsworn personnel. [4]
Tensions with the Black community also led to a third Brixton riot in 1995, arising from a large protest outside Brixton police station over the death of a local man in police custody - three police officers were injured and a two-mile exclusion zone was set up around Brixton. Later reports showed that the male in custody died of heart failure ...
The Metropolitan Police Act 1829 (10 Geo. 4.c. 44) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, introduced by Sir Robert Peel, which established the Metropolitan Police.
Maguire, Brendan. "The Police in the 1800s: A Three City Analysis." Journal of Crime and Justice (1990) 13#1 pp: 103–132. Miller, Wilbur R. Cops and bobbies: Police authority in New York and London, 1830-1870 (The Ohio State University Press, 1999) Monkkonen, Eric H. Police in Urban America, 1860-1920 (2004). Richardson, James F.