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Lapis lazuli (UK: / ˌ l æ p ɪ s ˈ l æ z (j) ʊ l i, ˈ l æ ʒ ʊ-,-ˌ l i /; US: / ˈ l æ z (j) ə l i, ˈ l æ ʒ ə-,-ˌ l i /), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism. The original rock ( protolith ) is subjected to temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C (300 to 400 °F) and, often, elevated pressure of 100 megapascals (1,000 bar ) or more, causing profound physical or chemical changes.
Lapis lazuli – Metamorphic rock containing lazurite, prized for its intense blue color - A rock composed of lazurite and other minerals Larvikite – Variety of monzonite, an igneous rock Listwanite – metamorphic rock Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Marble is a metamorphic rock consisting of carbonate minerals (most commonly calcite (CaCO 3) or dolomite (CaMg(CO 3) 2) that have recrystallized under the influence of heat and pressure. [1] It has a crystalline texture, and is typically not foliated , although there are exceptions.
Jadeite is formed only in the subduction zones of continental margins, where rock undergoes metamorphism at high pressure but relatively low temperature. Jadeite is the principal mineral making up the most valuable form of jade , a precious stone particularly prized in China.
Thus porphyry was prized for monuments and building projects in Imperial Rome and thereafter. Subsequently, the name was given to any igneous rocks with large crystals. The adjective porphyritic now refers to a certain texture of igneous rock regardless of its chemical and mineralogical composition or its color. Its chief characteristic is a ...
[33] [34] Subsequent erosion of the mountains exposes the roots of the orogenic belt as extensive outcrops of metamorphic rock, [35] characteristic of mountain chains. [33] Metamorphic rock formed in these settings tends to shown well-developed foliation. [33] Foliation develops when a rock is being shortened along one axis during metamorphism.
Lapis lazuli – Metamorphic rock containing lazurite, prized for its intense blue color, with a deep blue color; Lazurite – Alumino-silicate mineral whose blue colour is due to a sulfide species and not copper, with a deep blue color; List of minerals; Variscite – Hydrated aluminium phosphate of pale green color due to trivalent chromium ...