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Hydrolytic rancidity refers to the odor that develops when triglycerides are hydrolyzed and free fatty acids are released. This reaction of lipid with water may require a catalyst (such as a lipase, [6] or acidic or alkaline conditions) leading to the formation of free fatty acids and glycerol.
The best test for autoxidation (oxidative rancidity) is determination of the peroxide value. Peroxides are intermediates in the autoxidation reaction. Autoxidation is a free radical reaction involving oxygen that leads to deterioration of fats and oils which form off-flavours and off-odours. Peroxide value, concentration of peroxide in an oil ...
Commonly, bran is heat-treated with the intention of slowing undesirable rancidification, but a 2003 study of heat-treatment of oat bran found a complex pattern whereby increasingly intense heat treatment reduced the development of hydrolytic rancidity and bitterness with time, but increased oxidative rancidity.
In pathology and medicine, lipid peroxidation plays a role in cell damage which has broadly been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases and disease states, including ageing, [3] [4] whereas in food science lipid peroxidation is one of many pathways to rancidity. [5]
Olive oil acidity is a measure of the hydrolysis of the oil's triglycerides: as the oil degrades and becomes oxidized, more fatty acids are freed from the glycerides, increasing the level of free acidity and thereby increasing hydrolytic rancidity. [61] Rancidity not only impacts the taste and color but also its nutritional value. [62]
Nor have I heard of "Microbial rancidity" so I am wondering if some earlier editor invented (aka synthesized) this portion of the article as sort of a placeholder. Comments are welcome.--Smokefoot 02:38, 26 December 2010 (UTC) Enzymes can speed up the rancidification. Ripe salami and ripe fatty cheese have a rancidity.
Assay of TBARS measures malondialdehyde (MDA) present in the sample, as well as malondialdehyde generated from lipid hydroperoxides by the hydrolytic conditions of the reaction. [4] MDA is one of several low-molecular-weight end products formed via the decomposition of certain primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products.
The free radical chain reaction is sometimes referred to as the Bolland-Gee mechanism [6] [7] or the basic autoxidation scheme (BAS) [8] and was originally based on the oxidation of rubbers, [9] but remains generally accurate for many materials.