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Lithium was first used in the 19th century as a treatment for gout after scientists discovered that, at least in the laboratory, lithium could dissolve uric acid crystals isolated from the kidneys. The levels of lithium needed to dissolve urate in the body, however, were toxic. [ 129 ]
Lithium citrate was removed from 7Up in 1948 [5] after the Food and Drug Administration banned its use in soda. [6] Lithium citrate is used as a mood stabilizer and is used to treat mania, hypomania, depression and bipolar disorder. [7] It can be administered orally in the form of a syrup. [7]
A bottle of lithium capsules. Lithium is the prototypical mood stabilizer. A mood stabilizer is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders characterized by intense and sustained mood shifts, such as bipolar disorder and the bipolar type of schizoaffective disorder.
Thorazine (chlorpromazine) – a phenothiazine antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and behavioral disorders in children. Notably, the first antipsychotic; Tofranil – a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety, agitation, panic disorder and bedwetting
Certain types of psychotherapy, used in combination with medication, may provide some benefit in the treatment of bipolar disorders. Psychoeducation has been shown to be effective in improving patients' compliance with their lithium treatment. [48]
Lithium is often used to treat bipolar disorder and has the best evidence for reducing suicide. Medications are often prescribed to help improve symptoms of bipolar disorder. Medications approved for treating bipolar disorder including mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and certain antidepressants.
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