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Table 1 - Hydraulic Cement – World Leading Producers (million metric tons) [1] Country 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 Brazil 72 70 69 64 59 52 52 46 40 37 38 40 38 40 39 China (PRC) 2,500 2,420 2,210 2,100 1,880 1,630 1,390 1,350 1,200 1,040 934 813 705 627 583 Egypt 50 50 46 44 48 47 40 38 29 29 28 29
Concrete typically comprises sand, aggregate, water and cement and it is the cement part of the concrete that has the largest single CO 2 emission impact. Approximately 14 billion m 3 of concrete is poured globally each year, [ 7 ] this equates to more than 32 billion tonnes or 1,070 tonnes per second.
For the world capacity to produce cement in 2010, the situation was similar with the top three states (China, India, and the US) accounting for just under half the world total capacity. [ 57 ] Over 2011 and 2012, global consumption continued to climb, rising to 3585 Mt in 2011 and 3736 Mt in 2012, while annual growth rates eased to 8.3% and 4.2 ...
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined. [3]
According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs 55% of the world’s population reside in urban areas and 68% of the world’s population is projected to be urban by 2050; also, "the world is projected to add 230 billion m2 (2.5 trillion ft2) of buildings by 2060, or an area equal to the entire current global building ...
This list provides sources of statistics at the global level of governance only. General lists. Meadows, D.H., Randers, J. & Meadows, D.L. 2004. Limits to growth: the 30-year update. Chelsea Green Publishing Company, White River Junction, USA. The CIAs World Fact Book [1] World Data Center [2]
The cement industry in the United States produced 82.8 million tonnes (81,500,000 long tons; 91,300,000 short tons) of cement in 2015, worth US$9.8 billion, and was used to manufacture concrete worth about US$50 billion. The US was the world's third-largest producer of cement, after China and India.
The most common use for portland cement is in the production of concrete. [17] Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand), cement, and water. As a construction material, concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element.