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Plus in newer cars, the power output from the lighter plug is so reliable that it can charge laptops, without any voltage problems. Standardized 12 volt DC automobile plugs are defined in the United States by UL Standard 2089 regarding vehicle battery adapters. This standard covers plugs and cord sets that insert into cigarette lighter receptacles.
SAE J1772, also known as a J plug or Type 1 connector after its international standard, IEC 62196 Type 1, is a North American standard for electrical connectors for electric vehicles maintained by SAE International under the formal title "SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice J1772, SAE Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge Coupler".
The North American Charging System (NACS), standardized as SAE J3400, is an electric vehicle (EV) charging connector standard maintained by SAE International. [1] Developed by Tesla, Inc., it has been used by all North American market Tesla vehicles since 2021 and was opened for use by other manufacturers in November 2022.
A separate male-to-female cable is used to connect the vehicle using a male plug connecting to the female socket outlet of the charging station; this last connection was proposed to use the Type 3C connector, while the vehicle-to-cable connection would be made using a connector of the EV manufacturer's choice (Type 1, 2, or 3).
Additionally, SAE J3068 supports voltage ratings which align with North American grid voltages and EVSE standards. IEC 62196-2 standard defines the rated operating voltage for AC basic vehicle interface as 250 VAC for single-phase and 480VAC for three-phase, and three-phase EVSE and single-phase vehicles are required to be interoperable.
The plugs have openings on the sides that allow both the car and the charger to lock the plug automatically to prevent unwanted interruption of charging, or theft of the cable. As modified by Tesla for its European Supercharger network (up to Version 2), it is capable of outputting 150 kW using direct current (DC) via two pins each, with a ...
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