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In countries where dogs commonly have the disease, more than 99% of rabies cases in humans are the direct result of dog bites. [11] In the Americas, bat bites are the most common source of rabies infections in humans, and less than 5% of cases are from dogs. [1] [11] Rodents are very rarely infected with rabies. [11]
Lyssavirus (from the Greek λύσσα lyssa "rage, fury, rabies" and the Latin vīrus) [1] [2] is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Mammals, including humans, can serve as natural hosts. [3] [4] The genus Lyssavirus includes the causative agent (rabies virus) of rabies. [5]
3D still showing rabies virus structure. Rhabdoviruses have helical symmetry, so their infectious particles are approximately cylindrical in shape. They are characterized by an extremely broad host spectrum ranging from plants [citation needed] to insects [citation needed] and mammals; human-infecting viruses more commonly have icosahedral symmetry and take shapes approximating regular polyhedra.
The post-exposure (post-bite) rabies protocol involves giving four or five injections over 10 days, depending on the immune status of the human patient. It is important to remember these facts:
Human metapneumovirus infection No Ehrlichia chaffeensis: Human monocytic ehrlichiosis: PCR: Doxycycline: No One of the human papillomaviruses: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection Yes: Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) Human parainfluenza virus infection Under research [19] [20] Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) Human T-lymphotropic virus ...
Most cases of humans contracting rabies from infected animals are in developing nations. In 2010, an estimated 26,000 people died from the disease, down from 54,000 in 1990. [6] The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that dogs are the main source of human rabies deaths, contributing up to 99% of all transmissions of the disease to humans. [7]
In 1925 there was an outbreak of rabies in cattle in Trinidad, which was first diagnosed as botulism. Humans began contracting rabies in 1929, first diagnosed as poliomyelitis. The outbreak continued until 1937, by which time 89 human fatalities were recorded. [1] Pawan found the first infected vampire bat in March 1932.
Negri was convinced the inclusions were a parasitic protozoon and the etiologic agent of rabies. Later that same year, however, Paul Remlinger and Rifat-Bey Frasheri in Constantinople and, separately, Alfonso di Vestea in Naples showed that the etiologic agent of rabies is a filterable virus. Negri continued until 1909 to try to prove that the ...