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In chemistry, octahedral molecular geometry, also called square bipyramidal, [1] describes the shape of compounds with six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands symmetrically arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of an octahedron. The octahedron has eight faces, hence the prefix octa.
Octahedral: Octa-signifies eight, and -hedral relates to a face of a solid, so "octahedral" means "having eight faces". The bond angle is 90 degrees. For example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) is an octahedral molecule. Trigonal pyramidal: A trigonal pyramidal molecule has a pyramid-like shape with a triangular base. Unlike the linear and trigonal ...
Examples of the capped octahedral molecular geometry are the heptafluoromolybdate (MoF − 7) and the heptafluorotungstate (WF − 7) ions. [3] [4] The "distorted octahedral geometry" exhibited by some AX 6 E 1 molecules such as xenon hexafluoride (XeF 6) is a variant of this geometry, with the lone pair occupying the "cap" position.
Xenon hexafluoride, which has a distorted octahedral geometry. Some AX 6 E 1 molecules, e.g. xenon hexafluoride (XeF 6) and the Te(IV) and Bi(III) anions, TeCl 2− 6, TeBr 2− 6, BiCl 3− 6, BiBr 3− 6 and BiI 3− 6, are octahedral, rather than pentagonal pyramids, and the lone pair does not affect the geometry to the degree predicted by ...
The coordination geometry of an atom is the geometrical pattern defined by the atoms around the central atom. The term is commonly applied in the field of inorganic chemistry, where diverse structures are observed. The coordination geometry depends on the number, not the type, of ligands bonded to the metal centre as well as their locations.
Co(NH 3) 6] 3+, which features 6-coordinate metal centre with octahedral molecular geometry. Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I), which features 2-coordinate metal centre. In chemistry, coordination number, defined originally in 1893 by Alfred Werner, is the total number of neighbors of a central atom in a molecule or ion.
Bailar twist mechanism. The Bailar twist is a mechanism proposed for the racemization of octahedral complexes containing three bidentate chelate rings. Such complexes typically adopt an octahedral molecular geometry, in which case they possess helical chirality. [1]
In an octahedral complex, the molecular orbitals created by coordination can be seen as resulting from the donation of two electrons by each of six σ-donor ligands to the d-orbitals on the metal. In octahedral complexes, ligands approach along the x -, y - and z -axes, so their σ-symmetry orbitals form bonding and anti-bonding combinations ...