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Nature versus nurture is a long-standing debate in biology and society about the relative influence on human beings of their genetic inheritance (nature) and the environmental conditions of their development .
Each of Erikson's stages include both a positive and negative influences that can go on to be seen later in an individual's life. His theory includes the influence of biological factors on development. [9] Jane Loevinger (b.1918) built on the work of Erikson in her description of stages of ego development.
Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was a Danish-German-Jewish child psychoanalyst and visual artist known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. He coined the phrase identity crisis.
A major controversy in cognitive development has been "nature versus nurture", ... Erik Erikson was a neo-Freudian who focused on how children develop personality and ...
Early adulthood generally refers to the period between ages 18 to 39, [124] and according to theorists such as Erik Erikson, is a stage where development is mainly focused on maintaining relationships. [125] Erikson shows the importance of relationships by labeling this stage intimacy vs isolation.
However, the relationship between psychological maturity and age is a difficult one, and there has been much debate over methods of determining maturity, [40] considering its subjective nature, relativity to the current environment and/or other factors, and especially regarding social issues such as religion, politics, culture, laws, etc. [41]
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Many theories of development have aspects of identity formation included in them. Two theories directly address the process of identity formation: Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development (specifically the Identity versus Role Confusion stage), James Marcia's identity status theory, and Jeffrey Arnett's theories of identity formation in emerging adulthood.