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Mustard oil and seeds. Mustard oil can mean either the pressed oil used for cooking, or a pungent essential oil also known as volatile oil of mustard. The essential oil results from grinding mustard seed, mixing the grounds with water, and isolating the resulting volatile oil by distillation. It can also be produced by dry distillation of the seed.
The product obtained in this fashion is sometimes known as synthetic mustard oil. Allyl thiocyanate isomerizes to the isothiocyanate: [8] CH 2 =CHCH 2 SCN → CH 2 =CHCH 2 NCS. Allyl isothiocyanate can also be liberated by dry distillation of the seeds. The product obtained in this fashion is known as volatile oil of mustard.
Glucosinolates are also called mustard oil glycosides. The standard product of the reaction is the isothiocyanate (mustard oil); the other two products mainly occur in the presence of specialised plant proteins that alter the outcome of the reaction. [12] A mustard oil glycoside 1 is converted to an isothiocyanate 3 (mustard oil).
oil-seed mustard canola: Oil seed cultivars of B. juncea subsp. juncea, [3] along with oil seed cultivars of the related species B. napus and B. rapa, are referred to as canola. Other common names include "brown mustard", "Indian mustard", and "oilseed mustard". The mustard plant is called rai or raya in India.
The mustard oil bomb, formerly known as the glucosinolate–myrosinase complex, is a chemical herbivory defense system found in members of the Brassicaceae (or cabbage family). The mustard oil bomb requires the activation of a common plant secondary metabolite, glucosinolate , by an enzyme, myrosinase .
Sinigrin or allyl glucosinolate is a glucosinolate that belongs to the family of glucosides found in some plants of the family Brassicaceae such as Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra).
Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, denoted 22:1ω9.It has the chemical formula: CH 3 (CH 2) 7 CH=CH(CH 2) 11 CO 2 H.It is prevalent in wallflower seed and other plants in the family Brassicaceae, with a reported content of 20 to 54% in high erucic acid rapeseed oil [2] and 42% in mustard oil.
Epidemic dropsy occurs as an epidemic in places where use of mustard oil from the seeds of Brassica juncea, commonly known as Indian mustard, as a cooking medium is common. [2] This is because there is an increased chance of adulteration (with argemone oil) and consumption of such adulterated mustard oil in these areas.