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  2. Lift (force) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force)

    Calculating the lift per unit span using Kutta–Joukowski requires a known value for the circulation. In particular, if the Kutta condition is met, in which the rear stagnation point moves to the airfoil trailing edge and attaches there for the duration of flight, the lift can be calculated theoretically through the conformal mapping method.

  3. Tectonic uplift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonic_uplift

    Tectonic uplift is the geologic uplift of Earth's surface that is attributed to plate tectonics. While isostatic response is important, an increase in the mean elevation of a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes of crustal thickening (such as mountain building events), changes in the density distribution of the crust and ...

  4. Arch dam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch_dam

    The main loads for which an arch dam is designed are: [1] [12] Dead load; Hydrostatic load generated by the reservoir and the tailwater; Temperature load; Earthquake load; Other miscellaneous loads that affect a dam include: ice and silt loads, and uplift pressure. [1] [12] The Idukki Dam in Kerala, India.

  5. Buoyancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy

    Buoyancy (/ ˈ b ɔɪ ən s i, ˈ b uː j ən s i /), [1] [2] or upthrust is a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

  6. Gravity dam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_dam

    Uplift pressures can be reduced by internal and foundation drainage systems. During construction, the exothermic curing of concrete can generate large amounts of heat. The poorly-conductive concrete then traps this heat in the dam structure for decades, expanding the plastic concrete and leaving it susceptible to cracking while cooling.

  7. Macaulay's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaulay's_method

    Simply supported beam with a single eccentric concentrated load. An illustration of the Macaulay method considers a simply supported beam with a single eccentric concentrated load as shown in the adjacent figure. The first step is to find . The reactions at the supports A and C are determined from the balance of forces and moments as

  8. Isostasy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isostasy

    Airy isostasy applied to a real-case basin scenario, where the total load on the mantle is composed by a crustal basement, lower-density sediments and overlying marine water The basis of the model is Pascal's law , and particularly its consequence that, within a fluid in static equilibrium, the hydrostatic pressure is the same on every point at ...

  9. Suspended load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspended_load

    The suspended load is the middle layer that consists of the smaller sediment that's suspended. The wash load is uppermost layer which consist of the smallest sediment that can be seen with the naked eye; however, the wash load gets easily mixed with suspended load during transportation due to the very similar process. The wash load never ...