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A brushless DC electric motor (BLDC), also known as an electronically commutated motor, is a synchronous motor using a direct current (DC) electric power supply. It uses an electronic controller to switch DC currents to the motor windings producing magnetic fields that effectively rotate in space and which the permanent magnet rotor follows.
In January 1960, the "FM-250 motor" was born, [22] and, in April, high-precision "RM type" small electric motors were developed, leading Mabuchi into the audio equipment and timepiece markets. [ 1 ] By March 1962, the company opened a new factory in Tatebayashi , Gunma Prefecture , and achieved a daily production rate of 200,000 motors.
High-power, brushless axial motors are more recent, but are beginning to see usage in some electric vehicles. [8] One of the longest produced axial motors is the brushed DC Lynch motor , where the rotor is almost entirely composed of flat copper strips with small iron cores inserted, allowing power-dense operation.
The stationary (stator) windings of an outrunner motor are excited by conventional DC brushless motor controllers. A direct current (switched on and off at high frequency for voltage modulation) is typically passed through three or more non-adjacent windings together, and the group so energized is alternated electronically based upon rotor position feedback.
The Emrax 228 is a brushless 130 volt design producing a peak of 100 kW (134 hp), 55 kW (74 hp) continuous, with an outrunner coil. It has a 98% efficiency. The low working rpm of the engine means that it can turn a propeller at efficient speeds without the need for a reduction drive.
(e.g. an electric glider climbing steeply to a good thermalling altitude.) In aircraft, cars, trucks and boats, glow and gas engines are still used even though electric power has been the most common form of power for a while. The following picture shows a typical brushless motor and speed controller used with radio controlled cars.