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  2. Biological organisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_organisation

    For levels smaller than atoms see Subatomic particle: Acellular level and Pre-cellular level: Atoms: Molecule: Groups of atoms Biomolecular complex: Groups of (bio)molecules Sub-cellular level: Organelle: Functional groups of biomolecules, biochemical reactions and interactions Cellular level: Cell: Basic unit of all life and the grouping of ...

  3. Cellular organizational structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_organizational...

    Creating cellular organizations fundamentally involves mimicking processes that occur in natural processes. This entails fostering both strong senses of independence and interdependence, with improvement being seen at a central level as a continuous, gradual phenomenon. Each individual cell experiences either negative or positive reinforcements ...

  4. Biological system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_system

    Artist impression of cell components. The exact components of a cell are determined by whether the cell is a eukaryote or prokaryote. [7] Nucleus (eukaryotic only): storage of genetic material; control center of the cell. Cytosol: component of the cytoplasm consisting of jelly-like fluid in which organelles are suspended within

  5. Cell theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_theory

    Troshin showed that cell water decreased in solutions of galactose or urea although these compounds did slowly permeate cells. Since the membrane theory requires an impermanent solute to sustain cell shrinkage, these experiments cast doubt on the theory. Others questioned whether the cell has enough energy to sustain the sodium/potassium pump.

  6. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. [1] [2] All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. [3] Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional ...

  7. Cellular compartment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_compartment

    Basic cellular compartments. Cellular compartments in cell biology comprise all of the closed parts within the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell, usually surrounded by a single or double lipid layer membrane. These compartments are often, but not always, defined as membrane-bound organelles. The formation of cellular compartments is called ...

  8. Cellular adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_adaptation

    In cell biology and pathophysiology, cellular adaptation refers to changes made by a cell in response to adverse or varying environmental changes. The adaptation may be physiologic (normal) or pathologic (abnormal). Morphological adaptations observed at the cellular level include atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia. [1]

  9. Microtubule organizing center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microtubule_organizing_center

    The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) is a structure found in eukaryotic cells from which microtubules emerge. MTOCs have two main functions: the organization of eukaryotic flagella and cilia and the organization of the mitotic and meiotic spindle apparatus, which separate the chromosomes during cell division.