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When established, the territory encompassed an area that included the current states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, as well as parts of Wyoming and Montana. The capital of the territory was first Oregon City, then Salem, followed briefly by Corvallis, then back to Salem, which became the state capital upon Oregon's admission to the Union.
The first great expansion of the country came with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, which doubled the country's territory, although the southeastern border with Spanish Florida was the subject of much dispute until it and Spanish claims to the Oregon Country were ceded to the US in 1821.
The Oregon Bill of 1848, officially titled when approved, "An Act to Establish the Territorial Government of Oregon," [1] was an act of Congress to turn Oregon into an official U.S. Territory. The bill was passed on August 14, 1848. It was enacted by the 30th United States Congress, and signed by President James K. Polk.
In his first annual address, Polk emphasized the country’s prosperity and shared his vision for America's expansion, particularly regarding the annexation of Texas, Manifest Destiny, and the settlement of the Oregon Territory. In attendance were House Speaker John W. Davis and Vice President George M. Dallas.
The Jacksonians favored expansion across the continent, known as manifest destiny, dispossessing American Indians of lands to be occupied by farmers, planters, and slaveholders. Thanks to the annexation of Texas , the defeat of Mexico in war, and a compromise with Britain, the western third of the nation rounded out the continental United ...
The Oregon Country/Columbia District stretched from 42°N to 54°40′N. The most heavily disputed portion is highlighted. The Oregon boundary dispute or the Oregon Question was a 19th-century territorial dispute over the political division of the Pacific Northwest of North America between several nations that had competing territorial and commercial aspirations in the region.
In 1842, a treaty between the U.S. and Great Britain partially resolved a conflict over the US-Canada border involving the Oregon Territory, which included what are now three states.
Oregon Territory (1848-1853/1859), established by the United States Congress and approved by the President, two years after its sovereignty over the southern portion of the region was established by the Oregon Treaty of June 1846, splitting the earlier Oregon Country with the northern portion going to Great Britain / future Canada.